Sunday, January 21, 2024

TRANSISTORS: Germanium Transistor Leakage

I saw a post today about leakage and temperature, so I thought I'd do a quick test myself to see how close it came.  The test distinctly lacked scientific conditions - for starters I wasn't even wearing a white coat at the time, but the results seem to match the theory.

For germanium transistors, leakage current mainly depends on temperature and doubles for every 10°C rise in temperature.

Measurement #1:  taken in my garage / workshop after it had been closed up all day - it's not very well insulated, so it gets really hot.  The temperature was probably about 40 degrees (ambient temperature outside was high thirties).

79hfe, 0.32mA leakage



Measurement #2:  Same transistor about an hour later after sitting in very cool air conditioning, I'm guessing, but it's probably about 20 degrees in the house, so I'd say close to a 20 degree difference to the first reading.

hfe 69, leakage 75ua (or 0.075mA).  

Given the first reading was 320mA and the second was 0.075mA, doubling every 10 degrees seems to hold true.


WHAT'S THE POINT?

If you're working with germanium transistors, try and work in normal conditions (a reasonable room temperature).  If you have a circuit sitting just on the edge of gating at 35 degrees, it may not work at 15 degrees.  Likewise if noise is a concern at a low temperature due to leakage, it's going to get way worse when it heats up.



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